| Chloroplasts | |
| Chloroplasts are the site of photosynthesis | |
| Chloroplasts have an outer membrane and an inner membrane system of flattened sacs called thylakoids that often form stacks known as grana; the fluid matrix compartment is called the stroma | |
| 1 | The formation of carbohydrate from carbon dioxide and water (dark reaction) occurs in the stroma |
| 2 | The trapping of light energy to generate ATP, NADPH, and oxygen (light reaction) occurs in the thylakoid membranes of the grana |